![]() Here are the most vulnerable ports regularly used in attacks: Ports 20 and 21 (FTP) Vulnerable Ports that Need Your AttentionĪny port can be targeted by threat actors, but some are more likely to fall prey to cyberattacks because they commonly have serious shortcomings, such as application vulnerabilities, lack of two-factor authentication and weak credentials. In addition, ports that have been opened on purpose (for instance, on a web server) can be attacked via that port using application-layer attacks such as SQL injection, cross-site request forgery and directory traversal.Īnother common technique is the denial of service (DoS) attack, most frequently used in the form of distributed denial of service (DDoS), where attackers send massive numbers of connection requests from various machine to the service on the target in order to deplete its resources. The campaign against RDP Pipe Plumbing is one of the latest to employ such a tactic. One common example is spoofing, where a malicious actor impersonates a system or a service and sends malicious packets, often in combination with IP spoofing and man-in-the-middle-attacks. In these cases, threat actors can use open ports to perform various cyberattacks that exploit the lack of authentication mechanisms in the TCP and UDP protocols. Numerous incidents have demonstrated that open ports are most vulnerable to attack when the services listening to them are unpatched or insufficiently protected or misconfigured, which can lead to compromised systems and networks. ![]() ![]() Filtered - The firewall is monitoring traffic and blocking certain connection requests to the port.Closed - The port is unreachable, indicating that there is no corresponding service running.Open - The port responds to connection requests.TCP and UDP ports are in one of these three states: Software and services are designed to use TCP or UDP, depending on their requirements. UDP is a connectionless protocol that doesn’t recover or correct errors in messages it’s faster and has less network overhead traffic than TCP. Both TCP and UDP sit at the transport layer of the TCP/IP stack and use the IP protocol to address and route data on the internet. TCP is a connection-oriented protocol with built-in re-transmission and error recovery. The most common transport protocols that have port numbers are Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP). For instance, secured Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTPS) messages always go to port 443 on the server side, while port 1194 is exclusively for OpenVPN. Each port is linked to a specific protocol, program or service, and has a port number for identification purposes. Ports are logical constructs that identify a specific type of network service. Read on to learn more about the security risks linked to ports, vulnerable ports that need your attention and ways to enhance the security of open ports.
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